Umlando wamamotho kagesi uhlehlela emuva ku-1820, lapho uHans Christian Oster ethola amandla kazibuthe wamanje kagesi, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo uMichael Faraday wathola ukuzungezisa kazibuthe futhi wakha injini yokuqala yakudala ye-DC.UFaraday wathola ukungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ngo-1831, kodwa kwaze kwaba ngu-1883 lapho uTesla asungula khona injini yokungenisa (asynchronous).Namuhla, izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemishini kagesi zihlala zifana, i-DC, induction (i-asynchronous) kanye ne-synchronous, konke okusekelwe emibonweni eyakhiwe futhi yatholwa ngu-Alstead, uFaraday noTesla eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.
Selokhu kwasungulwa i-induction motor, isiphenduke injini esetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla ngenxa yezinzuzo ze-induction motor ngaphezu kwamanye ama-motor.Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi ama-motor induction awadingi uxhumano lukagesi phakathi kwezingxenye ezimile nezijikelezayo zemoto, ngakho-ke, azidingi noma yiziphi izihambisi zemishini (amabhulashi) futhi zingamamotho angenakulungiswa.Ama-induction motors nawo anezici zesisindo esilula, inertia ephansi, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, namandla okulayisha ngokweqile.Ngenxa yalokho, ashibhile, anamandla, futhi awehluleki ngesivinini esikhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini ingasebenza endaweni eneziqhumane ngaphandle kwenhlansi.
Uma kucatshangelwa zonke izinzuzo ezingenhla, ama-motor induction abhekwa njengabaguquli bamandla kagesi abaphelele, noma kunjalo, amandla emishini avame ukudingeka ngesivinini esiguquguqukayo, lapho izinhlelo zokulawula isivinini zingeyona into encane.Okuwukuphela kwendlela esebenzayo yokukhiqiza ukuguqulwa kwesivinini esingenasinyathelo ukuhlinzeka nge-voltage yezigaba ezintathu ngefrikhwensi eguquguqukayo kanye ne-amplitude ye-asynchronous motor.Isivinini se-rotor sincike kwijubane lensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo ehlinzekwa yi-stator, ngakho-ke ukuguqulwa kwemvamisa kuyadingeka.I-voltage eguquguqukayo iyadingeka, i-motor impedance iyancipha ngamaza aphansi, futhi yamanje kufanele ikhawulelwe ngokunciphisa i-voltage yokuhlinzeka.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwama-electronics wamandla, ukulawulwa kwejubane lokukhawulela isivinini samamotho angenisayo kwafinyelelwa ngokushintsha ama-stator windings amathathu ukusuka ku-delta kuya ekuxhumekeni kwenkanyezi, okunciphise i-voltage kuwo wonke ama-motor windings.Izinjini zokungeniswa zibuye zibe nama-stator windings angaphezu kwamathathu ukuvumela ukuhlukahluka kwenani lamapheya wezigxobo.Kodwa-ke, injini enama-winding amaningi ibiza kakhulu ngoba injini idinga amachweba okuxhumana angaphezu kwamathathu futhi kutholakala isivinini esiqondile kuphela.Enye indlela ehlukile yokulawula isivinini ingafinyelelwa nge-rotor induction motor, lapho iziphetho ze-rotor winding zilethwa emasongweni e-slip.Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ngokusobala isusa izinzuzo eziningi zamamotho okungenisa, kuyilapho yethula nokulahlekelwa okwengeziwe, okungaholela ekusebenzeni kabi ngokubeka izinto eziphikisayo noma ukusabela ochungechungeni kuwo wonke ama-stator windings enjini yokungenisa.
Ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zindlela ezingenhla yizo kuphela ezitholakalayo zokulawula isivinini se-induction motors, futhi ama-motor e-DC asevele ekhona anesivinini esingapheli esingavunyelwe ukusebenza ngama-quadrants amane, kodwa futhi ahlanganisa ububanzi obubanzi bamandla.Zisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi zinokulawula okufanele futhi ngisho nokuphendula okuhle okuguquguqukayo, noma kunjalo, ukonakala kwayo okuyinhloko kuyisidingo esiyisibopho samabhulashi.
Ekuphetheni
Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, ubuchwepheshe be-semiconductor buye benza inqubekelaphambili enkulu, buhlinzeka ngezimo ezidingekayo zokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezifanele zokushayela izithuthuthu.Lezi zimo ziwela ezigabeni ezimbili eziyinhloko:
(1) Ukwehliswa kwezindleko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwamadivayisi okushintsha amandla kagesi.
(2) Amathuba wokusebenzisa ama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi kuma-microprocessors amasha.
Kodwa-ke, imfuneko kufanele yenziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe izindlela ezifanele zokulawula isivinini samamotho angenisayo anobunzima, ngokungafani nobulula bawo bemishini, bubaluleke kakhulu ngokuphathelene nesakhiwo sabo sezibalo (i-multivariate ne-nonlinear).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-05-2022