Ukusebenza okuphephile kwejeneretha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuvamile kanye nekhwalithi yamandla yesistimu yamandla, futhi i-generator ngokwayo nayo iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu kagesi.Ngakho-ke, idivayisi yokuvikela i-relay esebenza kahle kufanele ifakwe amaphutha ahlukahlukene kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezingavamile.Masifunde ngolwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana namajeneretha!

Umthombo wesithombe: Ukukhiqiza Ilabhulali Yensiza Yobuchwepheshe Bamafu

1. Yini injini?Injini iyingxenye eguqula amandla kagesi ebhethri abe amandla okusebenza futhi ishayela amasondo emoto kagesi ukuze ajikeleze.

2. Kuyini ukujikajika?I-armature winding iyingxenye eyinhloko yenjini ye-DC, okuyisilonda sekhoyili ngocingo lwe-copper enameled.Lapho i-armature winding izungeza endaweni kazibuthe yenjini, kukhiqizwa amandla e-electromotive.

3. Iyini insimu kazibuthe?Inkambu yamandla ekhiqizwe eduze kukazibuthe ongunaphakade noma wamanje kagesi kanye nesikhala noma ububanzi bamandla kazibuthe ongafinyelelwa ngamandla kazibuthe.

4. Ayini amandla kazibuthe?Amandla kazibuthe wocingo olude ngokungenamkhawulo ophethe i-current ye-1 ampere ebangeni elingu-1/2 imitha ukusuka ocingweni ngu-1 A/m (ama-ampere/imitha, SI);kumayunithi e-CGS (isentimitha-igremu-yesibili), iwukukhumbula igalelo lika-Oersted ku-electromagnetism, chaza amandla kazibuthe wentambo ende engapheli ephethe i-current engu-1 ampere ebangeni elingu-0.2 cm ukusuka ocingweni ukuze libe ngu-10e (Oersted) , 10e=1/4.103/m, futhi amandla kazibuthe ngokuvamile asetshenziswa H uthe.

5. Uyini umthetho ka-Ampere?Bamba ucingo ngesandla sakho sokudla, futhi wenze isiqondiso sesithupha esiqondile sihambisane nesiqondiso samanje, khona-ke isiqondiso esikhonjwe iminwe emine egobile isiqondiso somugqa wokungeniswa kazibuthe.

6. Kuyini ukugeleza kazibuthe?I-Magnetic flux ibizwa nangokuthi i-magnetic flux: Ake sithi kukhona indiza eqondana nendawo yamagnetic endaweni efanayo yamagnetic, ukungeniswa kukazibuthe ku-B, futhi indawo yendiza ngu-S. Sichaza umkhiqizo wokungeniswa kukazibuthe B kanye nendawo S, ebizwa ngokuthi ukudlula kulobu buso bokuguquguquka kazibuthe.

7. Yini i-stator?Ingxenye engajikelezi lapho injini ebhulashiwe noma engenamabhulashi isebenza.I-motor shaft yohlobo lwe-hub-brushed noma i-brushless gearless motor ibizwa ngokuthi i-stator, futhi lolu hlobo lwemoto lungabizwa ngokuthi i-inner stator motor.

8. Iyini i-rotor?Ingxenye ephendukayo lapho i-brushless motor isebenza.Igobolondo lohlobo lwe-hub oluxutshwe noma lwe-brushless gearless motor libizwa ngokuthi i-rotor, futhi lolu hlobo lwe-motor lungabizwa ngokuthi i-rotor motor yangaphandle.

9. Liyini ibhulashi lekhabhoni?Ingaphakathi lenjini ebhulashiwe lingaphezulu kwesihambisi.Lapho i-motor ijikeleza, amandla kagesi adluliselwa kukhoyili nge-phase commutator.Ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye yayo eyinhloko i-carbon, ibizwa ngokuthi i-carbon brush, okulula ukuyigqoka.Kufanele igcinwe njalo futhi ishintshwe, futhi i-carbon deposits kufanele ihlanzwe

10. Kuyini ukubamba ibhulashi?Umhlahlandlela womshini obamba futhi obambe amabhulashi ekhabhoni endaweni yawo kumotho ebhulashiwe.

11. Yini i-phase commutator?Ngaphakathi kwenjini ebhulashiwe, kunezindawo zensimbi ezimise okwe-strip ezivaleleke komunye nomunye.Lapho i-motor rotor iphenduka, insimbi emise okwe-strip ithintana ngokushintshana izigxobo eziphozithivu nezinegethivu zebhulashi ukuze ibone izinguquko ezinhle nezingezinhle ezishintshanayo lapho ibheke kukhoyili yemoto futhi iqedele ukushintshwa kwekhoyili yemoto ebhulashiwe.Ngokuvumelana.

12. Kuyini ukulandelana kwesigaba?I-oda lokuhlelwa kwamakhoyili enjini angenalutho.

13. Yini uzibuthe?Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ezintweni kazibuthe ezinamandla amakhulu kazibuthe.Izinjini zemoto kagesi zisebenzisa izibuthe zomhlaba ezingavamile ze-NdFeR.

14. Yini amandla e-electromotive?Ikhiqizwa i-rotor ye-motor esika umugqa wamandla kazibuthe, futhi isiqondiso sayo siphambene nalokho okunikezwa amandla angaphandle, ngakho-ke kubizwa ngokuthi i-counter electromotive force.

15. Iyini injini ebhulashiwe?Lapho injini isebenza, ikhoyili ne-commutator ziyazungeza, futhi insimbi kazibuthe namabhulashi ekhabhoni awazungezi.Ushintsho olushintshanayo lwendlela ikhoyili yamanje lwenziwa isihambisi namabhulashi azungezayo ngenjini.Embonini yezimoto zikagesi, ama-motor ama-brushed ahlukaniswe ama-motor ashayela ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nama-motor anesivinini esiphansi.Kunomehluko omningi phakathi kwamamotho abhulashwayo nama-brushless motors.Kungabonakala emazwini okuthi izinjini ezibhulashiwe zinamabhulashi ekhabhoni, futhi ama-brushless motors awanawo amabhulashi ekhabhoni.

16. Iyini i-low-speed brushed motor?Yiziphi izici?Embonini yezimoto zikagesi, i-motor enesivinini esiphansi isho injini ye-DC enesivinini esiphansi, i-torque ephezulu ye-torque, kanti isivinini esihlobene se-stator ne-rotor yemoto yijubane lesondo.Kunamapheya angu-5 ~ 7 ensimbi kazibuthe ku-stator, futhi inani lezikhala ku-armature ye-rotor ngu-39~57.Njengoba i-armature winding igxilile endlini yesondo, ukushisa kuchithwa kalula yizindlu ezijikelezayo.Igobolondo elijikelezayo lalukwa ngezipikha ezingu-36, ezivumela kangcono ukuqhutshwa kokushisa.I-Jicheng yokuqeqeshwa kwe-micro-signal ikufanele ukunakwa!

17. Yiziphi izici zamamotho amabhulashi namazinyo?Ngenxa yokuthi kukhona amabhulashi enjini ebhulashiwe, ingozi eyinhloko efihliwe "ukugqoka ibhulashi".Abasebenzisi kufanele baqaphele ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamamotho abhulashiwe: anamazinyo nangenamazinyo.Njengamanje, abakhiqizi abaningi bakhetha ama-motor brushed and toothed, angama-motor anesivinini esikhulu.Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi “izinyo” kusho ukwehlisa isivinini semoto ngokusebenzisa umshini wokunciphisa amagiya (ngoba izinga likazwelonke libeka ukuthi ijubane lezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi akufanele lidlule amakhilomitha angama-20 ngehora, ijubane lemoto kufanele libe ku-170 rpm/cishe).

Njengoba i-motor enesivinini esiphezulu yehliswa ngamagiya, ibonakala ngokuthi umgibeli uzwa amandla aqinile uma eyiqala, futhi unamandla aqinile okukhuphuka.Kodwa-ke, ihabhu lamasondo kagesi livaliwe, futhi ligcwaliswa kuphela okokugcoba ngaphambi kokuphuma embonini.Kunzima kubasebenzisi ukwenza ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke, futhi igiya ngokwalo nalo ligqokwa ngomshini.Ukugcotshwa okunganele kuzoholela ekwenyukeni kokugqoka kwegiya, ukwanda komsindo, namandla aphansi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.Ukwandisa, kuthinta impilo yemoto nempilo yebhethri.

18. Iyini i-brushless motor?Njengoba isilawuli sinikeza okwamanje okuqondile ngezikhombisi-ndlela zamanje ezihlukene ukuze kuzuzwe ushintsho olushintshanayo lwendlela yekhoyili yamanje kumotho.Awekho amabhulashi kanye nama-commutators phakathi kwe-rotor ne-stator yama-brushless motors.

19. Injini ifinyelela kanjani ekushintsheni?Lapho i-brushless motor noma i-brushless motor ijikeleza, isiqondiso sekhoyili ngaphakathi kwemoto sidinga ukushintshwa ngokuhlukile, ukuze injini ikwazi ukujikeleza ngokuqhubekayo.Ukushintshwa kwemoto ebhulashiwe kuqedwa umshayeli kanye nebhulashi, futhi i-brushless motor igcwaliswa yisilawuli.

20. Kuyini ukuntuleka kwesigaba?Kumjikelezo wesigaba sesithathu se-brushless motor noma isilawuli se-brushless, isigaba esisodwa asikwazi ukusebenza.Ukulahlekelwa kwesigaba kuhlukaniswe ngokulahleka kwesigaba esikhulu kanye nokulahlekelwa kwesigaba seHholo.Ukusebenza ukuthi i-motor iyazamazama futhi ayikwazi ukusebenza, noma ukujikeleza kubuthakathaka futhi umsindo ukhulu.Kulula ukushisa uma isilawuli sisebenza esimweni sokuntuleka kwesigaba.

21. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivamile zamamotho?Amamotho ajwayelekile yilawa: ihabhu motor enebhulashi negiya, ihabhu motor enebhulashi negiya, i-brushless hub motor enegiya, i-brushless hub motor ngaphandle kwegiya, injini ebekwe eceleni, njll.

22. Ungawahlukanisa kanjani ama-motor aphezulu naphansi ohlotsheni lwemoto?Amamotho ehabhu abhulashiwe futhi agiyelwe, amamotho ehabhu agiyelwe ngamabhulashi angamamotho anesivinini esikhulu;Amamotho ehabhu abhulashwayo nangenagiya, ama-brushless hub motors nama-gearless hub motors anesivinini esiphansi.

23. Achazwa kanjani amandla emoto?Amandla emoto asho isilinganiso samandla kagesi akhishwa yinjini kumandla kagesi anikezwa amandla kagesi.

24. Kungani ukhethe amandla motor?Kuyini ukubaluleka kokukhetha amandla emoto?Ukukhethwa kwamandla okukalwa kwemoto kuyindaba ebaluleke kakhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi.Uma ingaphansi komthwalo, uma amandla alinganiselwe emoto emakhulu kakhulu, injini izovame ukuhamba ngaphansi komthwalo omncane, futhi umthamo wemoto ngokwayo ngeke usetshenziswe ngokugcwele, uphenduke "inqola enkulu edonswa ngamahhashi".Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenza kahle kwemoto nokusebenza okungekuhle kuzokhuphula izindleko zokusebenza.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amandla alinganisiwe emoto adingeka ukuthi abe mancane, okungukuthi, "inqola encane edonswa ngamahhashi", amandla emoto adlula amandla amanje alinganiselwe, ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi kwemoto kuyanda, futhi lapho ukusebenza kahle kuphansi, into ebalulekile ukuthinta impilo ye-motor, noma ngabe ukugcwala akukuningi, impilo yemoto nayo izoncishiswa kakhulu;Ukulayisha ngokweqile kuzolimaza ukusebenza kokufakwa kwensimbi noma kushise.Yiqiniso, amandla alinganisiwe we-motor mancane, futhi angeke akwazi ukudonsa umthwalo nhlobo, okuzokwenza ukuthi injini ibe sesimweni sokuqala isikhathi eside futhi ishise futhi ilimale.Ngakho-ke, amandla alinganisiwe wemoto kufanele akhethwe ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana nokusebenza kwemoto kagesi.

25. Kungani ama-General DC brushless motors enamaHholo amathathu?Kafushane, ukuze injini ye-brushless DC ijikeleze, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kube khona i-engeli ethile phakathi kwendawo kazibuthe yekhoyili ye-stator kanye nenkundla kazibuthe kakazibuthe unomphela we-rotor.Inqubo yokujikeleza kwe-rotor futhi iyinqubo yokushintsha isiqondiso se-rotor magnetic field.Ukuze wenze izinkambu kazibuthe ezimbili zibe ne-engeli, inkomba kazibuthe yekhoyili ye-stator kufanele ishintshe ngokwezinga elithile.Ngakho wazi kanjani ukushintsha isiqondiso insimu kazibuthe stator?Bese uthembele emahholo amathathu.Cabanga ngalawo maHholo amathathu njengomsebenzi wokutshela isilawuli ukuthi sishintsha nini lapho ijika lihamba khona.

26. Ingakanani ibanga elilinganiselwe lokusetshenziswa kwamandla ehholo le-brushless motor?Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-brushless motor Hall kulinganiselwa ku-6mA-20mA.

27. Kungakanani izinga lokushisa lapho injini evamile ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile?Ingakanani izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elingamelana nemoto?Uma izinga lokushisa elilinganisiwe lesembozo semoto lidlula izinga lokushisa elizungezile ngamadigri angaphezu kuka-25, libonisa ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwemoto kudlule uhla oluvamile.Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa lemoto kufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-20.Ngokuvamile, ikhoyili ye-motor yenziwe ngocingo olungenantambo, futhi lapho izinga lokushisa locingo olungenantambo liphakeme kunama-degree angama-150, ifilimu yopende izowa ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, okuholela ekujikelezeni okufushane kwekhoyili.Lapho izinga lokushisa ikhoyili lingaphezu kwama-degree angu-150, i-motor casing ibonisa izinga lokushisa elingama-degree angu-100, ngakho-ke uma izinga lokushisa le-casing lisetshenziswa njengesisekelo, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lemoto elingakwazi ukumelana nalo lingama-degree angu-100.

28. Izinga lokushisa lenjini kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-20 degrees Celsius, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa lesembozo semoto kufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-20 lapho lidlula izinga lokushisa elizungezile, kodwa siyini isizathu esenza injini ishise ngaphezu 20 degrees Celsius?Isizathu esiqondile sokushisa kwe-motor kungenxa yamanje enkulu.Ngokuvamile, kungase kubangelwe ukujikeleza okufushane noma ukujikeleza okuvulekile kwekhoyili, ukukhishwa kazibuthe kwensimbi kazibuthe noma ukusebenza kahle okuphansi kwenjini.Isimo esijwayelekile ukuthi i-motor igijima ngesikhathi esiphezulu isikhathi eside.

29. Yini eyenza injini ishise?Lolu hlobo luni lwenqubo?Lapho ukulayisha kwemoto kusebenza, kukhona ukulahlekelwa amandla enjini, okuzogcina kuphenduke amandla okushisa, okuzokwandisa izinga lokushisa kwemoto futhi kudlule izinga lokushisa elizungezile.Inani izinga lokushisa lemoto elikhuphuka ngalo ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa le-ambient libizwa ngokuthi ukufudumala.Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, injini izokhipha ukushisa endaweni ezungezile;lapho izinga lokushisa liphakeme, ukuqeda ukushisa kuyashesha.Lapho ukushisa okukhishwa yi-motor ngesikhathi seyunithi kulingana nokushisa okuchithiwe, izinga lokushisa le-motor ngeke likhuphuke, kodwa ligcine izinga lokushisa elizinzile, okungukuthi, esimweni sokulinganisela phakathi kwesizukulwane sokushisa nokushisa kokushisa.

30. Kuyini ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okuvumelekile kokuchofoza okujwayelekile?Iyiphi ingxenye yenjini ethinteka kakhulu ekukhuphukeni kwezinga lokushisa kwemoto?Ichazwa kanjani?Lapho i-motor isebenza ngaphansi komthwalo, kusukela ekusebenzeni kwayo ngangokunokwenzeka, umthwalo ophezulu, okungukuthi, amandla okukhipha, kungcono (uma amandla omshini engacatshangwa).Kodwa-ke, lapho amandla okukhiphayo emakhulu, amandla ayancipha kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa likhuphuka.Siyazi ukuthi into ebuthakathaka kakhulu ekwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa enjinini yizinto ezivikelayo, njengocingo olungenasici.Kunomkhawulo wokumelana nokushisa kwezinto zokuvikela.Ngaphakathi kwalo mkhawulo, izici zomzimba, zamakhemikhali, zemishini, zikagesi kanye nezinye zezinto zokufaka i-insulating zizinzile kakhulu, futhi impilo yazo yokusebenza ngokuvamile iyiminyaka engaba ngu-20.

Uma lo mkhawulo weqiwa, impilo yezinto zokuvikela izofinyezwa kakhulu, futhi ingase ishiswe.Lo mkhawulo wokushisa ubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushisa elivumelekile le-insulating material.Izinga lokushisa elivumelekile le-insulating impahla yizinga lokushisa elivumelekile le-motor;impilo yezinto zokuvikela ngokuvamile ukuphila kwenjini.

Izinga lokushisa le-ambient liyahlukahluka ngokuya kwesikhathi nendawo.Lapho uklama injini, kubalwa ukuthi ama-degree Celsius angama-40 athathwa njengezinga lokushisa elijwayelekile le-ambient ezweni lami.Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa elivumelekile le-insulating material noma i-motor minus 40 degrees Celsius wukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okuvumelekile.Izinga lokushisa elivumelekile lezinto ezihlukene zokuvikela i-insulating lihlukile.Ngokwezinga lokushisa elivumelekile, izinto zokuvikela ezivame ukusetshenziswa zamamotho yizinhlobo ezinhlanu A, E, B, F, H.

Kubalwa ngokusekelwe kuzinga lokushisa elizungezile elingu-40 degrees Celsius, izinto ezinhlanu zokuvikela ukushisa kanye nezinga lokushisa elivumelekile nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okuvumelekile kuboniswa ngezansi,okuhambisana namabanga, izinto zokuvikela ukushisa, amazinga okushisa avumelekile, nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okuvumelekile.Ikotini elifakiwe, usilika, amakhadibhodi, ukhuni, njll., upende ojwayelekile wokuvikela 105 65E epoxy resin, ifilimu ye-polyester, igobolondo eliluhlaza, i-triacid fiber, upende ophezulu ovikelayo 120 80 B ngopende wemvelo onokushisa okuthuthukisiwe.
ukumelana I-Mica, i-asbestos, nokwakheka kwe-fiber yengilazi njenge-adhesive 130 90
I-F Mica, i-asbestos, kanye nokwakheka kwe-fiber yengilazi kuhlanganiswe noma kufakwe i-epoxy resin enokumelana nokushisa okuhle kakhulu 155 115
H Ihlanganiswe noma ifakwe i-silicone resin Ukwakhiwa kwe-mica, i-asbestos noma i-fiberglass, irabha ye-silicon 180 140

31. Indlela yokulinganisa i-angle yesigaba se-brushless motor?Vula ukunikezwa kwamandla kwesilawuli, futhi isilawuli sinikeza amandla kusici seHholo, bese kutholwa i-engeli yesigaba se-brushless motor.Indlela yilena elandelayo: Sebenzisa i-+20V DC ububanzi bamandla kagesi we-multimeter, xhuma umthofu wokuhlola obomvu kulayini we-+5V, nepeni elimnyama ukuze ulinganise amandla kagesi aphezulu naphansi emithonjeni emithathu, futhi uwaqhathanise noguquko. amatafula we-60-degree kanye ne-120-degree motors.

32. Kungani ingakwazi ukuxhunywa noma yisiphi isilawuli se-DC esine-brushless ne-brushless DC ngokuthanda kwakho ukuze sizungezise ngokujwayelekile?Kungani i-brushless DC inombono wokulandelana kwesigaba sokuhlehla?Ngokuvamile, ukunyakaza kwangempela kwe-brushless DC motor kuyinqubo enjalo: injini iyajikeleza - isiqondiso se-rotor magnetic field sishintsha - lapho i-engeli phakathi kokuqondisa kwe-stator magnetic field kanye ne-rotor magnetic field ifinyelela ku-60. amadigri i-engeli kagesi – isiginali yeHholo iyashintsha – - Isiqondiso sesigaba sezinguquko zamanje – Inkambu kazibuthe ye-stator idonsa i-engeli kagesi ngamadigri angu-60 ukuya phambili – I-engeli phakathi kwe-stator magnetic field direction kanye ne-rotor magnetic field direction in 120 degrees kagesi – The motor iyaqhubeka ukujikeleza.

Ngakho siyaqonda ukuthi kunezifunda eziyisithupha ezifanele zeHholo.Uma ihholo elithile litshela isilawuli, isilawuli sinesimo esithile sokukhipha isigaba.Ngakho-ke, ukulandelana kwe-inversion yesigaba ukuqedela umsebenzi onjalo, okungukuthi, ukwenza i-angle kagesi ye-stator ihlale ihamba ngamadigri angu-60 ohlangothini olulodwa.

33. Kwenzekani uma isilawuli se-brushless esingu-60-degree sisetshenziswa ku-120-degree brushless motor?Kuthiwani ngokuphambene?Izobuyiselwa esimweni sokulahlekelwa kwesigaba futhi ayikwazi ukujikeleza ngokujwayelekile;kodwa isilawuli esamukelwe u-Geneng siyisilawuli se-brushless esihlakaniphile esikwazi ukuhlonza ngokuzenzakalelayo injini ye-60-degree noma i-120-degree motor, ukuze ikwazi ukuhambisana nezinhlobo ezimbili zamamotho, okwenza ukugcinwa Kungcono kakhulu ukushintshwa.

34. I-brushless DC isilawuli kanye ne-brushless DC motor ingakuthola kanjani ukulandelana kwesigaba esifanele?Isinyathelo sokuqala siwukuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo zamandla nezintambo eziphansi zezintambo zaseHholo zixhunywe ezintanjeni ezihambisanayo kusilawuli.Kunezindlela ezingama-36 zokuxhuma izintambo ezintathu zeHall motor kanye nezintambo zemoto ezintathu kusilawuli, okuyiyona ndlela elula futhi elula kakhulu.Indlela eyisimungulu iwukuzama isifunda ngasinye ngasinye.Ukushintsha kungenziwa ngaphandle kokukhanyisa, kodwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela nangohlelo oluthile.Qaphela ukuthi ungajiki kakhulu isikhathi ngasinye.Uma injini ingazungezi kahle, lesi simo asilungile.Uma ukujika kukukhulu kakhulu, isilawuli sizolimala.Uma kukhona ukuguqulwa, ngemva kokwazi ukulandelana kwesigaba sesilawuli Kulesi simo, shintshanisa izintambo zeHholo u-a no-c wesilawuli, chofoza umugqa A kanye nesigaba B ukuze ushintshane, bese uhlehla ekujikelezeni phambili.Okokugcina, indlela efanele yokuqinisekisa uxhumano ukuthi kuvamile ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuphezulu kwamanje.

35. Indlela yokulawula injini ye-60-degree ngesilawuli se-brushless engu-120-degree?Vele ungeze umugqa wokuqondisa phakathi kwesigaba b somugqa wesiginali yeHholo lenjini ye-brushless kanye nomugqa wesignali wesampula wesilawuli.

36. Imuphi umehluko obonakalayo phakathi kwenjini enesivinini esiphezulu nebhulashi enesivinini esiphansi?A. Injini enesivinini esikhulu ine-clutch egijimayo.Kulula ukujikela ohlangothini olulodwa, kodwa kuyakhathaza ukujikela kwelinye icala;injini enesivinini esiphansi kulula njengokuphendula ibhakede nhlangothi zombili.B. Injini enesivinini esikhulu yenza umsindo omkhulu lapho iphenduka, futhi injini enesivinini esiphansi yenza umsindo omncane.Abantu abanokuhlangenwe nakho bangakubona kalula ngendlebe.

37. Siyini isimo sokusebenza esilinganiselwe senjini?Uma injini isebenza, uma inani elibonakalayo ngalinye lilingana nenani layo elilinganiselwe, libizwa ngokuthi isimo sokusebenza esilinganiselwe.Isebenza ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza esilinganiselwe, injini ingasebenza ngokuthembekile futhi ibe nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kukonke.

38. Ibalwa kanjani i-torque yemoto?Ukukhishwa kwe-torque okulinganiselwe ku-shaft yokuchofoza kungamelwa yi-T2n, okuyinani elilinganiselwe lamandla omshini okukhiphayo ahlukaniswe inani elilinganiselwe lejubane lokudlulisa, okungukuthi, T2n=Pn lapho iyunithi ye-Pn inguW, iyunithi. ye-Nn ingu-r/min, i-T2n Iyunithi iyi-NM, uma iyunithi ye-PNM iyi-KN, i-coefficient 9.55 ishintshelwa ku-9550.

Ngakho-ke, kungaphetha ngokuthi uma amandla alinganisiwe we-motor elingana, ijubane eliphansi le-motor, i-torque enkulu.

39. Ichazwa kanjani isiqalo semoto?Ngokuvamile kudingekile ukuthi i-current yokuqala ye-motor akufanele idlule izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-5 zamanje ezilinganiselwe, okuyisizathu esibalulekile sokuvikela okukhawulelwe kwamanje kumlawuli.

40. Kungani isivinini samamotho ethengiswa emakethe sikhuphuka sikhuphuka?futhi uyini umthelela?Abahlinzeki banganciphisa izindleko ngokwandisa isivinini.Futhi ukuchofoza kwesivinini esiphansi.Uma ijubane liphakeme, ukuphenduka kwekhoyili okumbalwa, kugcinwa ishidi lensimbi ye-silicon, kanye nenani lomazibuthe nalo liyancipha.Abathengi bacabanga ukuthi isivinini esiphezulu sihle.

Uma usebenza ngesivinini esilinganiselwe, amandla ayo ahlala efana, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kuphansi ngokusobala endaweni yejubane eliphansi, okungukuthi, amandla okuqala abuthakathaka.

Ukusebenza kahle kuphansi, kudinga ukuqala nge-current enkulu, futhi yamanje nayo inkulu uma ugibela, edinga umkhawulo wamanje omkhulu wesilawuli futhi ayilungele ibhethri.

41. Ungalungisa kanjani ukushisa okungavamile kwenjini?Indlela yokugcinwa nokwelashwa ngokuvamile iwukuba esikhundleni senjini, noma ukwenza ukunakekelwa kanye newaranti.

42. Uma i-current no-load ye-motor inkulu kunedatha yomkhawulo wetafula lereferensi, kubonisa ukuthi i-motor ihlulekile.Yiziphi izizathu?Indlela yokulungisa?Chofoza ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi komshini kukhulu;ikhoyili ifushane;insimbi kazibuthe is demagnetized;i-DC motor commutator ine-carbon deposits.Indlela yokunakekela nokwelashwa ngokuvamile iwukuba esikhundleni senjini, noma esikhundleni sebhulashi lekhabhoni, nokuhlanza idiphozithi yekhabhoni.

43. Yimuphi umkhawulo omkhulu wokungalayishwa kwamanje ngaphandle kokwehluleka kwamamotho ahlukahlukene?Okulandelayo kuhambisana nohlobo lwemoto, lapho i-voltage elinganiselwe ingu-24V, futhi lapho i-voltage elinganiselwe ingu-36V: injini ebekwe eceleni 2.2A 1.8A
Injini enesivinini esikhulu 1.7A 1.0A
injini enesivinini esiphansi 1.0A 0.6A
high-speed brushless motor 1.7A 1.0A
isivinini esiphansi brushless Motor 1.0A 0.6A

44. Ungalinganisa kanjani amandla e-idling wenjini?Beka i-multimeter endaweni engu-20A, bese uxhuma ukuhlolwa okubomvu nokumnyama kuholela kutheminali yokufaka amandla yesilawuli.Vula amandla, bese urekhoda i-A1 ephezulu yamanje ye-multimeter ngalesi sikhathi lapho injini ingazungezi.Vula isibambo ukuze wenze injini ijikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu ngaphandle komthwalo ngaphezu kwama-10s.Ngemuva kokuthi ijubane lemoto lizinzile, qala ukubheka futhi urekhode inani eliphakeme le-A2 le-multimeter ngalesi sikhathi.I-Motor no-load current = A2-A1.

45. Indlela yokubona izinga lemoto?Yiziphi izinhlaka ezibalulekile?Ngokuyinhloko ubukhulu bamanje obungalayishiwe kanye nokugibela kwamanje, uma kuqhathaniswa nenani elivamile, nezinga lokusebenza kahle kwezimoto kanye ne-torque, kanye nomsindo, ukudlidliza nokukhiqiza ukushisa kwenjini.Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola ijika elisebenza kahle nge-dynamometer.

46. ​​Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinjini eziyi-180W nezingu-250W?Yiziphi izimfuneko zesilawuli?I-250W yokugibela yamanje inkulu, edinga umkhawulo wamandla aphezulu nokuthembeka kwesilawuli.

47. Kungani endaweni evamile, ukuhamba kwemoto kagesi kuzohluka ngenxa yezilinganiso ezihlukene zemoto?Njengoba sonke sazi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ezibalwa ngomthwalo olinganiselwe we-160W, okwamanje ogibelayo ku-250W DC motor cishe i-4-5A, kanti okwamanje ogibelayo ku-350W DC motor iphakeme kancane.

Isibonelo: uma i-voltage yebhethri ingu-48V, izinjini ezimbili zingu-250W kanye no-350W, futhi amaphuzu azo alinganiselwe womabili angu-80%, khona-ke ukusebenza okulinganiselwe okwamanje kwenjini engu-250W cishe ku-6.5A, kuyilapho ukusebenza okulinganiselwe okwamanje kwemoto engu-350W. ngo 9a.

Iphuzu elisebenza kahle lenjini evamile ukuthi lapho amandla asebenzayo eqhela kude kunamanje osebenzayo olinganiselwe, inani liba lincane.Endabeni yomthwalo we-4-5A, ukusebenza kahle kwe-250W motor kungu-70%, nokusebenza kahle kwe-350W motor kungu-60%.5 A umthwalo,

Amandla okukhipha angu-250W ngu-48V*5A*70%=168W

Amandla okukhipha angu-350W ngu-48V*5A*60%=144W

Nokho, ukuze enze amandla okukhipha motor 350W ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ogibele, okungukuthi, ukufinyelela 168W (cishe umthwalo olinganiselwe), okuwukuphela kwendlela ukwandisa ukunikezwa kwamandla ukwandisa iphuzu ukusebenza kahle.

48. Kungani imayela lezimoto zikagesi ezinamanjini angu-350W lilifishane kunalawo amamotho angu-250W ngaphansi kwendawo efanayo?Ngenxa yemvelo efanayo, injini kagesi engu-350W inemoto enkulu yokugibela, ngakho-ke imayela lizoba lifushane ngaphansi kwesimo esifanayo sebhethri.

49. Abakhiqizi bamabhayisikili kagesi kufanele bazikhethe kanjani izinjini?Ngokusekelwe kulokho ukukhetha motor?Ezimotweni zikagesi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhethweni kwemoto yayo ukukhethwa kwamandla alinganiselwe emoto.

Ukukhethwa kwamandla alinganiselwe enjini ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezintathu:isinyathelo sokuqala ukubala amandla omthwalo P;isinyathelo sesibili ukukhetha kusengaphambili amandla alinganisiwe emoto kanye namanye ngokuya ngamandla omthwalo.Isinyathelo sesithathu ukuhlola injini ekhethwe ngaphambilini.

Ngokuvamile, hlola ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kuqala, bese uhlola umthamo wokulayisha ngokweqile, futhi uhlole umthamo wokuqala uma kunesidingo.Uma konke kudlula, injini ekhethwe ngaphambilini iyakhethwa;uma ungadluli, qala kusukela esinyathelweni sesibili uze udlule.Ungahlangabezani nezidingo zomthwalo, amandla amancane alinganisiwe wemoto, ukonga kakhulu.

Ngemva kokuqedwa kwesinyathelo sesibili, ukulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nomehluko wokushisa okuzungezile.Amandla alinganisiwe enziwa ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuthi izinga lokushisa le-ambient elijwayelekile likazwelonke lingu-40 degrees Celsius.Uma izinga lokushisa le-ambient liphansi noma liphezulu unyaka wonke, amandla alinganiselwe emoto kufanele alungiswe ngokusetshenziswa ngokugcwele kwamandla enjini esikhathini esizayo.Isibonelo, uma izinga lokushisa elingapheli liphansi, amandla alinganisiwe wemoto kufanele abe ngaphezu kwe-Pn evamile.Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma izinga lokushisa elingapheli liphezulu, amandla alinganisiwe kufanele ancishiswe.

Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga lokushisa le-ambient linqunywa, injini yemoto kagesi kufanele ikhethwe ngokuya ngesimo sokugibela imoto kagesi.Isimo sokugibela imoto kagesi singenza injini isondele esimweni sokusebenza esilinganiselwe, sibe ngcono.Isimo sethrafikhi ngokuvamile sinqunywa ngokuvumelana nezimo zomgwaqo.Isibonelo, uma indawo yomgwaqo e-Tianjin iyisicaba, injini enamandla aphansi yanele;uma kusetshenziswa injini enamandla amakhulu, amandla azochithwa futhi imayela libe lifushane.Uma kunemigwaqo eminingi yezintaba e-Chongqing, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa injini enamandla amakhulu.

I-50.60 degree DC brushless motor inamandla kakhulu kune-120 degree DC brushless motor, akunjalo?Kungani?Kusukela emakethe, kutholakala ukuthi ukukhohlisa okunjalo kuvamile lapho kuxhunywana namakhasimende amaningi!Cabanga ukuthi i-60 degree motor inamandla kune-120 degree.Kusukela kumgomo we-brushless motor namaqiniso, akunandaba ukuthi injini ye-60-degree motor noma i-120-degree motor!Okubizwa ngokuthi amadigri asetshenziselwa kuphela ukutshela isilawuli se-brushless ukuthi senziwa nini izintambo ezimbili zesigaba esikhathalelayo ngokuziqhuba.Ayikho into enamandla ukwedlula noma ubani!Okufanayo kuyiqiniso kuma-degree angu-240 nama-degree angu-300, akekho onamandla kunomunye.

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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-12-2023