Muva nje, isiJalimaneabezindaba babike ukuthi bathintwe yinkinga yamandla,ISwitzerland ingase ivimbele ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi ngaphandle “kohambo oludingekile”.Okusho ukuthi, izimoto zikagesi zizovinjelwa ukuhamba, futhi "ungahambi emgwaqeni ngaphandle uma kunesidingo", okungangabazeki ukuthi kuyigalelo elinzima emakethe yezimoto zikagesi zaseSwitzerland, futhi iSwitzerland izoba yizwe lokuqala emhlabeni. ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi.
Izwe elithuthukile alikwazi ngisho ukuthenga ugesi?Lapho sibhekene nenkinga yamandla, izinto ezinjalo zomlingo azishaqisi.Phambilini, umnyango wezamandla waseSwitzerland ukhiphe isexwayiso sokuthi izwe lingase libe nokungatholakali kukagesi okwanele ebusika.Ukuze iphile kahle ebusika, iSwitzerland yakhipha isimemezelo esisalungiswa ” sokuvinjelwa nokwenqatshelwa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi.” ngasekupheleni kuka-November, okufaka imithethonqubo enkundleni yezokuthutha.
Ngokwemibiko, iSwitzerland akulona kuphela izwe elicubungula imingcele ezimotweni ezisebenza ngogesi.I-Germany, nayo esemgwaqweni wenkinga yamandla, ingase futhiukubeka imingcele ekushajweni kwemoto kagesi.
Esikhathini esibucayi lapho izinkampani zezimoto zaseYurophu ngokuvamile zenza uguquko lokufakwa kukagesi, izenzo zaseSwitzerland naseJalimane ziyizindaba ezimbi emakethe yezimoto zikagesi.Ukuhleleka” nakho kuwumnyakazo ongenakuzisiza.Izinhloso ezimbili zekhabhoni kanye nenkinga yamandla yizithiyo ezinkulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yezimoto zikagesi zaseYurophu.
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Amandla anganele okusola izimoto zikagesi?
Ngemuva kokushicilelwa kohlaka "lokuvinjelwa kwezimoto zikagesi" eSwitzerland, iI-Swiss Automobile Associationizwakalise ngokucacile ukuphikisa kwayo:ngemva kokumenyezelwa kwemigomo yohlelo olufanele ngoDisemba, bazovota ngokumelene nakho konke ukuvinjelwa ukushayela izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi.
Isidingo sikagesi ezimotweni zikagesi eSwitzerland sizobalelwa ku-0.4% kuphela wesidingo esiphelele ngo-2021,izibalo zibonisa.Lesi silinganiso sibonisa ukuthi ukukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi eSwitzerland akwanele ukudambisa ukushoda kwamandla kagesi.Isakhiwo sikagesi saseSwitzerland simiselwe ukuthi sifinyelele ezingeni elincane lokukwazi ukuzimela uma izwe lifuna ukuqeda ukushoda kukagesi.
I-Switzerland ayinawo amandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi ithembele kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe, kodwa inezinzuzo ezivelele kumithombo yamandla aphehlwa ngamanzi.Cishe u-60% kagesi wasekhaya uvela kumandla aphehlwa ngamanzi, kulandele amandla enuzi, bese kuba amandla elanga, amandla omoya, namandla e-biomass.Kodwa-ke, isamba sokuphehlwa kukagesi sisengaphansi kakhulu kwesidingo, ngakho-ke kufanele sithembele kumthamo oweqile weFrance neJalimane ukuvala igebe lomthamo onganele wasekhaya.
Kodwa njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni ezimbalwa zamandla enuzi eFrance kwehle kwafinyelela emazingeni azo aphansi kakhulu cishe eminyakeni engama-30, ukungazinzi kwezinkinga zomoya nelanga kanye nezinkinga zokuphakelwa kukagesi eJalimane ngemva kokulahlekelwa igesi yamapayipi aseRussia kusho ukuthi iSwitzerland izokwazi ukungenisa ugesi omncane kakhulu kulo nyaka. .Kulokhu, iSwitzerland kufanele ithathe isinyathelo ngezimoto zikagesi.
Ngokusho kwedatha ka-2019, umkhakha okhipha ikhabhoni ephezulu kakhulu eSwitzerland umkhakha wezokuthutha, ohlanganisa cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ulandelwa ukwakhiwa nezimboni.Kusukela ngo-2012, iSwitzerland ibeke ukuthi "izimoto zabagibeli ezisanda kubhaliswa akumele zeqe isilinganiso sezidingo zokukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide", futhi "ku-Energy Strategy 2050", ukuthuthukiswa "kokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle" ezindaweni ezihlanganisa ezokuthutha, ngisho I-Energy Conservation Coalition nayo yakhelwe ukukhuthaza amakhaya namabhizinisi ukuthi benqabe ukushisisa, banciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ashisayo, bacime izinto ezisetshenziswayo nezibani, babhake futhi bapheke ngendlela ewonga ugesi...
Kulo mbono, akumangazi ukuthi abaseSwitzerland, abawonga kakhulu amandla, bazokhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi.
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Ingabe imboni yezimoto zikagesi yaseYurophu kanye nezinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina zaphesheya kwezilwandle zenza kahle?
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imakethe yezimoto zikagesi yaseYurophu iqhubekile nokukhula.Ngo-2021, inani lokuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi eYurophu lizofinyelela ezigidini eziyi-1.22, okuwukunyuka kwama-63% uma kuqhathaniswa nezingu-746,000 ngo-2020, okubalelwa ku-29% yenani eliphelele lokuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni jikelele., futhi ingeyesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni ilandela iChina.Imakethe yezimoto zikagesi yesibili ngobukhulu.
Cishe ngo-2021, izinkampani zezimoto ezijwayelekile emhlabeni zithathe isinyathelo esibalulekile ekufakeni ugesi.Ngokuhambisana nokucindezela kwethagethi yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili, amazwe ase-Europe aqale igagasi lomdlandla omusha wamandla, kanti iChina isiyizimoto ezimbili ezishisa izikhotha zikagesi emhlabeni.enye yezimakethe.Izinkampani zezimoto zaseShayina ziya phesheya kwezilwandle ziye e-Europe, kanti nezinkampani zezimoto zase-Europe nazo zidayisa izimoto zikagesi eChina, okuyinto edla lubi.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokungena ku-2022, ethinteke izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nobudlelwano besifunda, ukushoda kwama-chip, kanye nokukhuphuka kwamanani ezinto ezibonakalayo, imakethe yezimoto zikagesi yaseYurophu isiqalile ukwehla.Akuzona izimoto zikagesi kuphela, kodwa yonke imakethe yezimoto isiqalile ukwehla.Engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, ukudayiswa kwezimoto sekuphelele eYurophu kufinyelele ezigidini ezingu-5.6, kwehle cishe ngo-14% unyaka nonyaka.Ukubhaliswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezimakethe ezinkulu zezimoto ezifana ne-UK, Germany, Italy, ne-France konke kwehle ngaphezu kuka-10%.
Ukukhula okusheshayo kwezimoto zabagibeli ezinamandla amasha kancane kancane kuye kwaba isicaba.Ngokusho kwedatha ye-European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA),umthamo wokuthengisa wezimoto ezintsha zamandla ku-Q1-Q3 e-EU wawungu-986,000, 975,000, kanye no-936,000 ngokulandelana., futhi inani lokuthengisa lilonke laqhubeka nokuncipha.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, imakethe yezimoto zikagesi yaseChina isakhula.Ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zalo nyaka, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezinamandla eChina kufinyelele ezigidini ezingu-4.567, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka ngo-110%, okushiya amazwe aseYurophu nawaseMelika othulini.
Ngokukhula okuqinile kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla eChina, ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe nakho kube nenqubekelaphambili enkulu.Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, izimoto ezintsha zamandla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezintathu zokuqala zika-2022 zizoba amayunithi angu-389,000, ngokuphindwe kabili unyaka nonyaka.Futhi ngaphezu kwe-90% yezindawo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwezimoto zamandla amasha yi-Europe nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia.
Ngaphambilini,I-SAIC MG (MG)wangena ekujuleni kwezwe laseYurophu, futhi kamuva amabutho amasha afanaXiaopeng futhiI-NIOwangena emakethe yaseNorway,nokuningi nangaphezuluImikhiqizo yasekhaya iyasebenza eYurophu.Kodwa-ke, uma sibheka izenzo zamanje zamazwe aseYurophu ngezimoto zikagesi, uhambo lwemikhiqizo yasekhaya oluya eYurophu ngeke luthinteke kakhulu.Lapho inkinga yamandla aseYurophu isixazululiwe futhi ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo samandla kuba okunengqondo, i-Europe izokwamukela kuphela izinkampani zezimoto zikagesi .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani zezimoto ezifana ne-Xiaopeng ne-Weilai okwamanje zisesigabeni sokuhlolwa kwebhizinisi e-Europe, futhi azikakaqalwa ngokugcwele, ngakho-ke umthelela kungathiwa mncane.Njengensakavukela yekusasa, izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inkampani yezimoto zase-Europe noma inkampani yaseShayina yaphesheya kwezilwandle, zingenza umehluko emakethe yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-06-2022