Ibanga lejubane lenjini yokushayela imoto livame ukuba banzi uma kuqhathaniswa, kodwa muva nje ngihlangane nephrojekthi yemoto yobunjiniyela futhi ngezwa sengathi izidingo zekhasimende zinzima kakhulu.Akulungile ukusho idatha ethile lapha.Ngokuvamile, amandla alinganiselwe ama-kilowatts angamakhulu amaningana, isivinini esilinganisiwe ngu-n(N), futhi isivinini esiphezulu esingu-n(max) samandla angashintshi sicishe sibe izikhathi ezingu-3.6 kunesika-n(N);injini ayihlolwa ngesivinini esiphezulu.amandla, okungaxoxwanga ngakho kulesi sihloko.
Indlela evamile iwukukhuphula isivinini esilinganiselwe ngokufanele, ukuze ububanzi besivinini samandla esingaguquki bube buncane.Okubi ukuthi i-voltage endaweni yesivinini esilinganisiwe sokuqala iyancipha futhi yamanje iba nkulu;kodwa-ke, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ijubane lemoto liphezulu ngesivinini esiphansi kanye netorque ephezulu, kuyamukeleka ukugudluza iphoyinti lejubane elilinganiselwe ngale ndlela.Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi imboni yezimoto iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Ikhasimende lidinga ukuthi isimanje kufanele ngokungaguquki kulo lonke uhla lwamandla olungashintshi, ngakho kufanele sicabangele ezinye izindlela.
Into yokuqala efika engqondweni ukuthi njengoba amandla okukhiphayo engakwazi ukufinyelela amandla alinganiselwe ngemva kokudlula iphoyinti lesivinini esiphezulu n(max) samandla angaguquki, khona-ke sinciphisa amandla alinganiselwe ngokufanele, futhi u-n(max) uzokhuphuka (kuzwakala. kancane njengenkanyezi ye-NBA “ayikwazi ukushaya Just join”, noma njengoba uhlulekile ukuhlolwa ngamaphuzu angama-58, wabe usubeka umugqa wokuphasa ngamaphuzu angama-50), lokhu okokukhulisa amandla emoto ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono lokusheshisa.Isibonelo, uma siklama injini engu-100kW, bese simaka amandla alinganiselwe njengo-50kW, ingabe ububanzi obuqhubekayo bamandla ngeke buthuthukiswe kakhulu?Uma ijubane elingu-100kW lingeqa ijubane izikhathi ezi-2, akunankinga ukweqa ijubane okungenani izikhathi ezi-3 ku-50kW.
Yiqiniso, lo mbono ungahlala kuphela esigabeni sokucabanga.Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi umthamo wezimoto ezisetshenziswa ezimotweni ulinganiselwe kakhulu, futhi cishe akukho ndawo yamandla aphezulu, nokulawulwa kwezindleko nakho kubaluleke kakhulu.Ngakho le ndlela namanje ayikwazi ukuxazulula inkinga yangempela.
Ake sicabangele ngokujulile ukuthi lisho ukuthini leli phuzu lokuguqula izwi.Ku-n(ubukhulu), amandla aphezulu amandla alinganiselwe, okungukuthi, i-torque eningi kakhulu k(T)=1.0;uma i-k(T)>1.0 isendaweni ethile yesivinini, kusho ukuthi inamandla aqhubekayo okunweba amandla.Ngakho-ke kuyiqiniso yini ukuthi i-k(T) enkulu, amandla okwandisa isivinini anamandla?Uma nje i-k(T) endaweni engu-n(N) yejubane elilinganiselwe iklanywe ukuba ibe nkulu ngokwanele, ingabe uhla lokulawula isivinini samandla ezikhathini ezingu-3.6 lunganeliseka?
Lapho i-voltage inqunywa, uma ukusabela kokuvuza kuhlala kungashintshile, i-torque ephezulu ilingana nesivinini, futhi i-torque ephezulu iyancipha njengoba ijubane likhuphuka;empeleni, ukusabela kokuvuza nakho kuyashintsha ngesivinini, okuzoxoxwa ngakho kamuva.
Amandla alinganisiwe (i-torque) enjini ahlobene eduze nezici ezahlukahlukene njengezinga lokufakwa kwe-insulation nezimo zokukhipha ukushisa.Ngokuvamile, i-torque ephezulu izikhathi ezingu-2 ~ 2.5 kune-torque elinganiselwe, okungukuthi, k(T)≈2~2.5.Njengoba umthamo wemoto ukhula, i-k(T) ivame ukwehla.Uma amandla angaguquki egcinwa ngesivinini esingu-n(N)~n(max), ngokuya nge-T=9550*P/n, ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-torque elinganiselwe nesivinini bubuye bulingane ngokuphambene.Ngakho-ke, uma (qaphela ukuthi lesi isimo se-subjunctive) ukusabela kokuvuza kungashintshi ngesivinini, i-torque eningi k(T) ihlala ingashintshiwe.
Eqinisweni, sonke siyazi ukuthi ukusabela kuyalingana nomkhiqizo we-inductance kanye ne-angular velocity.Ngemva kokuqedwa kwe-motor, i-inductance (i-leakage inductance) cishe ingashintshi;ijubane lemoto liyakhula, futhi ukusabela kokuvuza kwe-stator ne-rotor kukhula ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke isivinini lapho i-torque ephezulu iyancipha khona ngokushesha kune-torque elinganiselwe.Kuze kube n(ubuningi), k(T)=1.0.
Kuningi okuxoxwe ngakho ngenhla, ukuchaza nje ukuthi lapho i-voltage ingashintshi, inqubo yokwandisa isivinini yinqubo ye-kT eyancipha kancane kancane.Uma ufuna ukukhulisa isivinini samandla esingaguquki, udinga ukukhuphula i-k(T) ngesivinini esikaliwe.Isibonelo esithi n(max)/n(N)=3.6 kulesi sihloko asisho ukuthi u-k(T)=3.6 wanele ngesivinini esilinganiselwe.Ngenxa yokuthi ukulahleka kokushayisana komoya nokulahlekelwa kwensimbi kukhulu ngesivinini esikhulu, i-k(T)≥3.7 iyadingeka.
I-torque enkulu icishe ilingane ngokuphambene nesamba sokusabela kokuvuza kwe-stator kanye ne-rotor, okungukuthi
1. Ukunciphisa inani lamakhondatha ochungechungeni lwesigaba ngasinye se-stator noma ubude be-iron core kuphumelela kakhulu ekuphenduleni kokuvuza kwe-stator ne-rotor, futhi kufanele kunikezwe kuqala;
2. Khulisa inani lezikhala ze-stator futhi unciphise ukuvuza okuqondile kwezikhala ze-stator (iziphetho, ama-harmonics), okusebenza ngempumelelo ekuphenduleni kokuvuza kwe-stator, kodwa kuhilela izinqubo eziningi zokukhiqiza futhi kungase kuthinte okunye ukusebenza, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba qaphela;
3. Eziningi ze-rotor zohlobo lwekheji ezisetshenzisiwe, ukwandisa inani lezikhala ze-rotor nokunciphisa ukuvuza okuqondile kwe-rotor (ikakhulukazi ukuvuza okuqondile kwe-rotor slots) kuphumelela ukusabela kokuvuza kwe-rotor futhi kungasetshenziswa ngokugcwele.
Ukuze uthole ifomula yokubala ethile, sicela ubheke incwadi ethi “Motor Design”, engeke iphindwe lapha.
Izinjini ezinamandla aphakathi nendawo naphezulu ngokuvamile ziba namajika ambalwa, futhi ukulungiswa okuncane kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni, ngakho ukulungisa kahle ukusuka ohlangothini lwe-rotor kungenzeka kakhulu.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze kuncishiswe ithonya lokukhula kwemvamisa ekulahlekelweni okuyisisekelo, amashidi ensimbi amancane we-silicon esezingeni eliphakeme avame ukusetshenziswa.
Ngokohlelo lomklamo wombono ongenhla, inani elibaliwe lifinyelele izidingo zobuchwepheshe zekhasimende.
PS: Uxolo nge-watermark ye-akhawunti esemthethweni emboza ezinye izinhlamvu kwifomula.Ngenhlanhla, lawa mafomula atholakala kalula ku-“Electrical Engineering” kanye “Ne-Motor Design”, ngethemba ukuthi ngeke kuthinte ukufunda kwakho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-13-2023